Miscellany National Symbols of India(National flag, National emblem, National anthem, National song, National calendar)

Miscellany National Symbols of India(National flag, National emblem, National anthem, National song, National calendar)

 

1. National flag:

Adopted on - 22 July 1947

Designed by - Pingali Venkaiah

Description –

• The national flag consists of three horizontal and parallel strips with kesariya at the top, white in the middle and green colour at the bottom with Ashoka Chakra at the centre.
• The Ashok Chakra has 24 spokes. It was derived from the lion
• capitol of Ashok at Sarnath, Bihar.
• The width to length ratio of the flag is 2:3.
• All the rules and regulations regarding flag hoisting of the national flag are given in Flag Code of India 2002.
• It was adopted on 26 January 2002.
• It emphasizes the freedom of the flag hosting in educational and private institutions as per Emblems and Names (Prevention of Improper Use) Act, 1950 and Prevention of Insult of Symbols Act, 1971

 

2.     National emblem:

Adopted on - 26 January 1950

Adopted from - lion capital of Ashok at Sarnath, Bihar

Description –

• ·         It depicts 4 lions facing 4 different directions along with a bull, an elephant and a horse.
• ·        ‘Satyamev Jayate’ is written in Devanagari script means
• ·        ‘Truth only Triumphs’.
• ·        It is taken from Mundak Upanishad.

 

3.     National anthem (jan-gan-man)

Adopted on - 24 January 1950

Written by - Rabindranath Tagore

Language – Bangla

Playing time - 52 sec

Description –

• ·        First time sang in Kolkata session of Indian National congress in 22 December 1911.
• ·        It originally has 5 stanzas

 

4.     National song (vande-mataraam)

Adopted on - 24 January 1950

Written by - Bankim Chandra Chattopadhyay

Language – Bangla

Playing time - 52 sec

Description-

First time sang in Kolkata session of Indian National Congress on 22 December 1911.

It originally has 5 stanzas.

 

5.     National calendar:

National Calendar - There are two national calendars 

• Saka calendar
• Gregorian calendar

Adopted on –

• Gregorian calendar was official calendar during British rule
• Saka calendar on 22 March 1957

 

Description –

• The first month of Saka calendar is Chaitra.
• 22 March is the first day of Chaitra month.
• 21 March is the first day of a leap year.
• The first month of the Gregorian calendar is January.

 

6. National fruit – mango

• Mango, also known as the 'King of fruits'

 

7. National River – Ganga
8. National Tree – Banyan (Ficus bengalensis)
9. National Bird – Peacock (pavo cirstatus)
10. National Animal- The Bengal Tiger