Physics Refraction of a ray of light

Physics: Refraction of a ray of light

 

• Refraction is the bending of light when it goes from one medium to another.

• When a ray of light enters the glass prism it gets deviated two times.
• When the ray of light passes through the prism it bends towards its base.
• In 1665, Isaac Newton discovered that white light consists of seven colours.
• When white light is passed through glass prism then it will split in to seven colours.
• The band of seven colours formed when a beam of white light is passes through a glass prism is called spectrum of white light.
• The splitting of white light into seven colours on passing through a transparent medium is called dispersion of light.
• While passing through the transparent medium, red colour deviates least and violet colour is deviated maximum
• A rainbow is a meteorological phenom interesting facts about light and scattering enon that is caused by reflection, refraction and dispersion of light in water droplets.
• Stars twinkle at night because their light is refracted in the atmosphere.
• As the star light falls down the dense air bends it more and thus stars appear higher than they actually are.
• It is due to refraction of light that we can see the sun two minutes before sunrise and two minutes after actual sunset.
• Throwing light in various random directions on various types of suspended particles is called scattering of light.
• When light is scattered due to particles in its path, it is called Tyndall effect.
• The way a beam of sunlight becomes visible when it passes through dust particles in a room is due to Tyndall effect.
• Sky is blue is because of scattering of light.
• Sun appears red at sunrise and sunset because of all the blue-colored light is scattered out.
• If our Earth did not have an atmosphere, the sky would be black like outer space.
• Sound travels through a medium. It cannot travel in vacuum.
• Larger the amplitude of the sound, louder is the sound.
• Higher the frequency of vibration, the higher is the pitch, and shriller is the sound.
• Unpleasant sounds are called noise.
• Sound is transmitted through gases, plasma, and liquids as longitudinal waves.
• In solids sound can be transmitted as both longitudinal waves and transverse waves.
• Loudness of sound is measured in units of decibel(dB).
• The audible range of sound for human beings extends from about 20Hz to 20,000 Hz
• Sounds of frequencies below 20 Hz are called infrasonic sound or infrasound.
• The number of vibrations per second is called frequency.
• The SI unit of audio frequency is the hertz (Hz).
• Ultrasonic is a reference to the frequency of sound waves beyond (above) the human hearing range.
• Ultrasound is produced by dolphins.
• ultrasound is commonly used for medical diagnosis and therapy, and also as a surgical tool.
• Some bats and porpoises are found to use ultrasound for navigation and to locate food in darkness. - Echolocation
• SONAR means Sound Navigation Ranging.
• Supersonic is an adjective that describes the speed of something moving faster than sound.
• Mach: the ratio of the speed of a body to the speed of sound in the surrounding medium.
• When sound waves strike a surface, they return into the same medium. This phenomenon is called reflection.
• Phenomenon of hearing back our own sound is called an echo.
• The minimum distance between the source of sound and the reflecting body should be 17.2 meters for formation of echo.
• Persistence of sound after its production is stopped, is called reverberation.
• In dry air at 0°C (32°F), the speed of sound is 331.2 meters per

• second.

• At 20°C (68°F), the speed of sound is 343 meters per second.
• Sound usually travels more slowly with greater altitude, due to reduced temperature.
• Speed of sound increases with increase in temperature.
• The study of sound is called Acoustics.
• Optics is the study of light.
• Phonetics is the study and classification of speech sounds.
• Cat acoustics’ is the study of echoes.
• Sound travels slower through air than by water. In fact, the speed of sound via water is 4.3 times faster than by air.
• Sound does travel far faster through steel than both air and water.
• Flies are not able to hear any sounds at all.
• The fear of music is called melophobia.
• Phonophobia, also called Sinophobia, is a fear of or aversion to loud sounds.
• Heliophobia is the fear of the sun, sunlight, or any bright light.
• Photophobia is not a morbid fear or phobia, is a common symptom of visual snow.
• Brilliance in a diamond is due to total internal reflection, refraction and dispersion.
• A blue iris in an eye is due to Willis-Tyndall scattering in a translucent layer in the iris.
• The SI unit of luminous intensity is the candela (cd)
• Our eyes detect light in ROYGBIV, rainbow color form.
• Objects that produce their own light are called Luminous objects.
• To an astronaut in space, the sky will appear to be black.
• Golden view of sea shell is due to diffraction.
• Mirage is an example refraction and total internal reflection of light.
• Optical fibers are based on the phenomenon of total internal reflection.