History: Indian History Chronology: Ancient India , Medieval and Modern India
Ancient India (Pre-historic to AD 700)
Palaeolithic Period (2 million BC – 10,000 BC):
- Fire
- Tools made up of lime stone
- Ostrich Eggs
Mesolithic Period (10,000 BC – 8,000 BC):
- Major Climatic Change happened
- Domestication of animals i.e., Cattle rearing started
Neolithic Period (8000 BC – 4,000 BC)
- Agriculture Started
- Wheel discovered
Chalcolithic Period (4000 BC – 1,500 BC)
- Copper Age. Can be considered part of Bronze Age. (Bronze = Copper + Tin)
- Indus Valley Civilization (BC 2700 – BC 1900).
- Also cultures at Brahmagiri, Navada Toli (Narmada region), Mahishadal (W.Bengal), Chirand (Ganga region)
Iron Age (BC 1500 – BC 200)
- Vedic Period (Arrival of Aryans i.e., BC 1600 – BC 600) – Nearly 1000 years (Basic books of Hinduism, i.e., Vedas were composed, might have written down later.)
- Jainism and Buddhism
- Mahajan padas – Major Civilization after Indus Valley- On banks of river Ganga
- Magadha empire – Bimbi Sara of Haryanka Kula
- Sisunga dynasty – Kalasoka (Kakavarnin)
- Nanda empire – Mahapadma-nanda, Dhana-nanda
- Persian- Greek: Alexander 327 BC
Mauryan Empire (321-185 BC):
Important rulers of Mauryan Empire - Chandra Gupta Maurya, Bindusara, Asoka
Post-Mauryan Kingdoms (Middle Kingdoms):
- Sunga (181-71 BC), Kanva (71-27BC), Satavahanas (235-100BC), Indo-Greeks, Parthians (19-45AD), Sakas (90BC-150AD), Kushanas(78AD)
- South Indian Kingdoms – Chola, Chera, Pandyas (BC 300)
Gupta Kingdom (300AD – 800AD): Classical Period
Important ruler of Gupta Period - Samudra Gupta (Indian Napoleon)
Post Guptas or Contemporary Guptas
- Harshvardana, Vakatakas, Pallavas, Chalukyas.
- Also, Hunas, Maitrakas, Rajputs, Senas and Chauhans.
Medieval India (AD 700 – AD 1857)
- AD: 800-1200: Tripartite struggle – Prathiharas, Palas, and Rashtrakutas
- Attack of Muhammed Bin Kassim (712AD)
- Rise of Islam and Sufism
- Mohammed Ghazni (1000-27AD)
- Mohammed Ghori (1175-1206AD)
Kingdoms of South India During Medieval India – Bhamini and Vijayanagara
Delhi Sultanate (1206 AD – 1526 AD)
- Slave Dynasty
- Kilji Dynasty
- Tughlaq Dynasty
- Sayyid Dynasty
- Lodi Dynasty
Mughals (AD 1526 – AD 1857)
Great Mughals - Mughals from Babar (1526) to Aurangzeb (1707) were more powerful and hence known as Great Mughals.
Later Mughals - Mughals who ruled from 1707 to 1857 were known as Later Mughals.
- Arrival of Europeans
- Other Kingdoms of North India – Marathas, Sikhs
Modern India (AD 1857 +)
- First War of Indian Independence (1857)
- Formation of Indian National Congress (1885)
- Formation of Muslim League (1906)
- Non-Co-operation Movement (1920)
- Civil Disobedience Movement (1930)
- Quit India Movement (1942)
- Partition of India (1947)
- Constitutional Development of India (1946 – 1950)
- Economic Development of India
- Wars – India-Pak – Formation of Bangladesh; India- China
- New Economic Policy of 1991
- Nuclear, Space and Defense Development
